Real characteristics – achieved only with an impedance analyzer

Only Keysight impedance analyzers provide unparalleled accuracy for component evaluation from mmohm to Mohm, from 5 Hz to 3 GHz. Leverage Keysight's impedance measurement expertise to your lab and achieve real characteristics of high quality components.

  • The E4990A Impedance Analyzer (20 Hz to 120 MHz frequency range) provides industry-best basic accuracy of 0.045% (typical) over a wide impedance range, with a 40-V built-in DC bias source.
  • The E4991B Impedance Analyzer (1 MHz to 3 GHz frequency range) provides basic accuracy of 0.65% over a wide impedance range, with a 40-V built-in DC bias source (Option 001). Material measurement options enable temperature characteristics analysis from -55 °C to 150°C (Option 007) and direct read function of permittivity and permeability (Option 002).
  • The E5061B ENA series network analyzer with option 3L5/005 supports a wide frequency range from 5 Hz to 3 GHz, with basic accuracy of 2% (typical), 40-V built-in DC bias source, network analysis, impedance analysis, and gain/phase analysis capabilities.

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Complete Your Configuration with the Right accessories

Keysight Technologies offers a variety of accessories and test fixture to use with our LCR Meters, Impedance Analyzers, Capacitance Meters and Network Analyzer. Each accessory is designed to ensure highly accurate measurements without degrading the performance of the measurement instrument.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Impedance analyzers are electronic test instruments engineers use to measure electrical impedance over frequency. While impedance analyzers are purpose-built for impedance measurements, alternative solutions include LCR meters, oscilloscopes, and network analyzers. 

Check out this article to learn more about impedance measurements: Comprehensive Impedance Formula Guide for Electrical Engineers

To learn more about impedance analysis tips and alternative solutions, read this article: How to Measure Impedance: 5 Easy Steps for Engineers

An impedance analyzer measures the impedance of a complex circuit or material based on changes in the phase relationship of voltage and current after the alternating current (AC) signal passes through the device under test.

Many modern impedance measuring instruments measure the real and imaginary parts of an impedance vector and then convert them into the desired parameters, such as |Z|, θ, |Y|, R, X, G, B, C, and L.

Impedance measurement data helps engineers design circuits and systems that require specific resistance, capacitance, and inductance values to perform optimally. To maximize power transfer and minimize reflections in radio frequency (RF) devices, engineers must match each component in the RF chain's impedance.

Engineers use impedance measurements to characterize electronic circuits, components, and materials. In RF applications, engineers generally define impedance (Z), represented as a complex quantity in the vector plane, as the total opposition a device or circuit offers to the flow of an AC signal at a given frequency. Engineers select a particular impedance measurement technique according to the required test frequency, impedance parameter, and preferred display parameters.

Learn more about impedance measurements in this application note: Impedance Measurement Handbook

While both instruments are commonly used to conduct impedance measurements, LCR meters display numeric data only, while impedance analyzers display data in either numeric or graphic formats. LCR meters offer a low-cost, fast, and easy-to-use solution for basic, fixed-frequency impedance measurements. Impedance analyzers are a more sophisticated solution, providing a variety of impedance measurements, resonant analysis, and circuit modeling capabilities over swept frequency.

For a more in-depth comparison of LCR meters, impedance analyzers, and network analyzers, check out this technical overview: LCR Meters, Impedance  Analyzers and Test Fixtures

The network analysis impedance measurement method covers a wider frequency range than impedance analyzers, from low-frequency (LF) to RF, and offers good accuracy when the unknown impedance appears close to the characteristic impedance. However, network analyzers require recalibration after altering the measurement frequency and only allow for a narrow impedance measurement range.

Get a more detailed comparison of network analyzers and impedance analyzers in this application note: Power of Impedance Analyzer, Comparison to Network Analyzer

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